What does Observational Learning involve?

Observational learning is a key concept in psychology, particularly within the context of social learning theory, and it primarily refers to the process through which individuals acquire new behaviors by observing others. This type of learning emphasizes that individuals do not need to directly experience a situation to learn from it; instead, they can imitate actions after seeing someone else perform them.

When someone observes another individual engage in specific behaviors, such as sports techniques, social interactions, or any skill-based actions, they can later reproduce those behaviors, demonstrating that they have learned through observation. This process includes attention to the model, retention of the behavior in memory, reproduction of the behavior, and motivation to perform it.

In contrast, the other options touch on aspects of learning but do not accurately depict observational learning. Learning from experiences without direct reinforcement might involve personal trial and error rather than observation. Changing behavior based on internal thoughts suggests a more introspective approach than observational learning requires. Lastly, applying learned skills to new situations refers to transfer of learning, which indicates an understanding and adaptation of skills rather than the specific act of learning through observation. Therefore, the correct answer appropriately encapsulates the essence of observational learning as it involves reproducing behaviors witnessed in others.